Trigger Finger - What Causes My Finger To Lock And Catch And Get Stuck?
Trigger finger is a coarse question in the hand that causes locking and pain in the involved finger or thumb. The technical name used to chronicle trigger finger is stenosing tenosynovitis. Stenosing means a narrowing of a tunnel or tube-like buildings (the sheath of the tendon). Tenosynovitis means inflammation of the tendon.
Trigger Finger - What Causes My Finger To Lock And Catch And Get Stuck?
Trigger Finger - What Causes My Finger To Lock And Catch And Get Stuck?
Trigger Finger - What Causes My Finger To Lock And Catch And Get Stuck?
Trigger Finger - What Causes My Finger To Lock And Catch And Get Stuck?
Your fingers flex (make a fist) and enlarge (straighten out). Two sets of tendons make this inherent - flexor tendons (on the palm side) and extensor tendons (on the back side of the hand). Trigger finger involves the flexor tendons of the hand.
Flexor tendons are normally smooth, white bands of tissue that start as muscles in the forearm and join together to the bones in your fingers. As they go from the forearm into the wrist and fingers, they pass through tight tunnels (sheaths) that keep them close to the bones of your hand.
The sheath is lined with a lubricating tissue called synovium. This tissue sits in the middle of the tunnel wall and the tendon. Trigger finger is caused by inflammation of the synovium, enlargement of the tendon, and thickening or narrowing of the sheath itself, normally in the area of the palm closest to the fingers.
The name of the tendon sheath in this area is the "A1 pulley".
These problems with the tendon's lining, the tendon, and the sheath, all merge to make it hard for the tendon to glide smoothly through the tunnel as your finger bends and straightens.
As the outpatient tries to flex (bend into a fist) the affected finger, the enlarged tendon has trouble passing underneath the sheath's tight opening. When the outpatient grips tight enough, the swollen tendon is suddenly pulled through the sheath with a painful snap, which may lock the finger in a bent position (it won't straighten except with help from the other hand). The performance of straightening the finger from its locked position creates an additional one often painful snapping sensation as the enlarged tendon passes back through the tunnel.
What are the Causes?
The cause of trigger finger cannot be known for sure in all cases. Work or hobby activities that involve repetitive gripping or keeping tools strongly for long periods of time may strain the tendons and cause swelling and irritation of the tendon synovium (lining) or the tendons themselves.
Some patients with other medical problems like diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, or gout may found trigger fingers more oftentimes than the mean person.
What are the signs and symptoms?
Pain in the area of the inflamed tendon lining or sheath may be the first sign of trigger finger. Sometimes the pain may shoot or enlarge into the finger on the top side (back side of the hand), but is normally focused on the palm side at the base of the finger or thumb.
Painful locking or snapping of the finger is the next stage of symptoms that most patients experience. This is often worse in the morning but may be worse at the end of the work day.
When symptoms have been going on for several months, the locking may stop, but patients may be left with a stiff finger that does not bend or straighten like it used to. The pain may or may not subside as the locking stops.
How is it treated?
Non-surgical rehabilitation is a good first step in treating trigger finger. Surgical operation may be a uncostly first step if the finger is locked in a painful, stiff position and cannot be "unstuck" by the outpatient without greatest pain. This is unusual.
The first step in rehabilitation is to avoid or decrease the performance that seems to aggravate the locking and pain. Warm water soaks, anti-inflammatory medicines, and over-the-counter rubs and creams may help with the symptoms of trigger finger.
A steroid injection may also be recommended. The injection places a small estimate of anti-inflammatory cortisone directly where the question is - in the tendon sheath. This reduces swelling and inflammation in the tendon sheath and may cure the question forever. Success rates with injections are close to 60% in most cases.
Surgery may be standard when these non-surgical treatments fail to cure the problem. I normally propose no more than two steroid injections in the same finger, but this rule is not absolute.
Trigger finger Surgical operation is outpatient surgery. It is done under local anesthetic, with or without sedation. An incision is made in the palm of the hand at the base of the finger or thumb.
The surgeon cuts the swollen, tight tendon sheath at this level, and this frees up the tendon to glide smoothly through the finger.
After Surgical operation a small dressing is located on the hand to protect the incision but allow flexibility and appeal for the fingers. In most cases the dressing can be removed in five days and the outpatient may lightly use all the fingers the day after surgery. If there are sutures on the covering of the skin, they are removed in 10 to 14 days.
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